重论元散曲中的隐逸情结——从民族文化交融角度说开去

Rediscuss the Hermit Complex of the Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty——From the Point of Ethical Culture's Exchange

隐逸情结历来是中国古代文人的永恒话题,在其他朝代出现的隐逸多因官场黑暗和民族压迫,而在元散曲中大量出现的隐逸题材却不然。如果说汉族文人是因异族入侵或民族压迫等原因选择归隐,那么诸多蒙古族高官也向往山林又该如何解释呢?另外还有大量的乐道作品出现,加上作品语言的大胆直白,都不是用传统观点能说清楚的。元朝是少数民族统治的多民族共存的朝代,各民族融合交流的过程中,汉文化中的儒家思想、全真教的盛行和宽松开放的政治文化环境等民族文化交融因素,也势必会影响元散曲的创作。

Hermit Complex is always the eternal topic in the articles of the Chinese ancient men of letters.While that of other Dynasties was because of the official corruption and the ethnic oppression,lots of hermitage subjects of Yuan Dynasty were not.If it is right to say what the Han nationality literators chose to have a reclusive life was because of the aggression from different races or the ethnic oppression.How about what so many Mongolian government officials are also longing for the mountains.Otherwise there are also lots of writings to describe Taoist advantages and the language of the writing is so fearless and forthright.All of that can not explain using the traditional viewpoint.Yuan Dynasty is ruled by minority and comprised with many nationalities.During the course of ethical amalgamation,the factor of ethical culture＇s exchange such as Confucianism of the Han nationality culture,prevail of Quan Zhen（a sort of Taoism） and the loose and on-limits politics and culture environment certainly will affect the inditement of Sanqu（a type of verse popular in Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,with tonal patterns modeled on tunes drawn from folk music.） in Yuan Dynasty.