辜鸿铭、杜亚泉、梁漱溟中西文化观比较

Comparative study of GU Hong-ming,DU Ya-quan and LIANG Shu-ming on Chinese and western culture

面对20世纪初中华民族面对的民族和文化的双重危机、以辜鸿铭、杜亚泉、梁漱溟为代表的文化保守主义以复兴传统文化、振兴民族精神为使命,对中西文化进行了深刻且详尽的分析。辜鸿铭的"道德力"高扬了中国人的精神,杜亚泉认为中西文化之异即动静之别,梁漱溟以"意欲"为基点,把文化分成西洋、中国、印度3种模式。在以上分析的基础上,他们各自提出自己的独特见解:在文化的发展程度上,辜鸿铭与梁漱溟认为东方文化是成熟的文化,而西方文化尚未成熟;在文化的性质上,辜鸿铭、杜亚泉、梁漱溟认为中国文化重义,西方文化重利;在儒学的宗教性上,辜鸿铭与梁漱溟认为,儒学似宗教非宗教;在文化的未来走向上,辜鸿铭主张中西融合,杜亚泉主张中西调和,梁漱溟主张中国文化复兴论。他们对中西文化的独特见解,对当下如何看待中西文化仍可引为借鉴。

Facing the national and cuhural crisis, GU Hong-ming, DU Ya-quan and LIANG Shuming analyzed the Chinese and western culture. GU＇s moral power displays the spirit of the Chinese people. DU takes the differences of the Chinese and western culture as the movement and static. As the starting point, LIANG divides culture into three models western, Chinese and India. For revival the traditional culture, they study deeply the Chinese and western culture. GU and LIANG think eastern culture is mature, but western is not; GU, DU and LIANG think Chinese culture lies righteousness, but western culture lies interest; GU and LIANG agree that Confucian is not religion; GU devotes integration of the Chinese and western culture, DU maintains reconcile of the Chinese and western culture, whereas LIANG believes revival of the Chinese culture in the future. Whatever their understanding of religion is, they are still our reference manual when we are dealing with the problem of culture.