快速城市化地区生态安全空间模糊综合评价

Spatial Fuzzy Assessment of Regional Eco-security in Fast Urbanizing Area

以TM遥感影像为数据源、以GIS为平台,构建了基于压力-状态-响应模型的评价指标体系,采用空间模糊评价方法对义乌市生态安全进行了综合评价,并对评价结果在空间上的分布以及时间上的动态变化进行了分析。结果表明,义乌市整体的生态安全状况良好,呈现出从城市中心向边远郊区生态安全指数逐渐降低的生态安全格局;2000年到2007年生态安全状况从市中心向周边的城乡交错带恶化,且北部比南部状况严峻;近7年来该市除赤岸镇、佛堂镇和义亭镇的生态安全状况有所好转,其它各个乡镇都有不同程度的恶化。分析其主要原因是由于城市的扩张导致人口密度增长,建设用地大量增加,从而致使资源环境压力逐渐加大。

By taking TM remote-sensing images as data source and GIS as platform, an assessment index system was established basing on PSR model, and spatial fuzzy assessment was applied to evaluate the eco-security of Yiwu City in Zhejiang Province, and then the temporal and spatial dynamics of assessment result were analyzed. The results showed that the overall ecological condition of Yiwu City was safe with the decreasing ecological security indices from the city centre towards its surrounding. Besides, from 2000 to 2007, the security situation deteriorated from the center to the ecotone of the city with a more grim situation in the north comparing to that in the south;within the last 7 years, the ecological security condition of all towns except Chi＇ an, Fotang and Yiting towns had deteriorated in different degrees. The main reason was that the expansion of the city increased population density and construction land, and consequently resulted to the increasing pressure on resources and environment.