陕西省城市化与生态环境系统耦合关系

Coupling Relationship between Urbanization and Eco-environment in Shaanxi Province

采用层次分析法(AHP)和系统科学的理论构建了城市化与生态环境系统的评价指标体系和耦合模型,并将这个耦合系统的演化周期分为低级共生、协调发展等4个阶段,根据耦合度为45°时,耦合效果最佳的理论又可将协调发展阶段分为相对协调、最佳协调、低度协调3个状态。1990—2008年陕西省的城市化综合指数呈现直线上升的趋势,生态环境效应综合指数呈现"U"型排列规律,城市化与生态环境协调系统耦合度曲线呈现对数曲线型演化规律,耦合度年变化率逐渐降低。1990—2008年陕西省始终处于协调发展阶段,1990—1992年为最佳协调状态,1993—2008年处于低度协调状态。

Based on the statistical data of Shaanxi Province from 1990 to 2008, the index system was built with the model of AHP and a dynamic coupling model was built with the system theory for monitoring the coupling relationship between the urbanization system and eco-environment system. The complete development process of the coupling relationship between the urbanization and eco-environment could be divided into four phases： rudimentary symbiotic phrase, harmonious developmental phrase, utmost increasing phrase and spiral type rising phrase. When the coupling degree was 45°, the two system＇ s relationship was the most harmonious. The results of the research showed as follows ： composite index of urbanization increased and that rising tendency was Linearity from 1990 to 2008. The evolutive curve of eco-environment＇ s composite index was U-shaped from 1990 to 2008. The coupling characteristic curve between urbanization and eco-environment fitted log curve. The coupling relationship of urbanization and eco-environment had always been in the harmonious developmental phrase from 1990 to 2008. The coordinated situation of urbanization and eco-environment was optimum, continuous and stable from 1992 to 1994 because the coupling degrees were close to 45°. The coupling relationship was not very coordinated during the period of 1995-2008.