第二松花江沿岸浅层地下水水化学特征及污染现状

Chemical Characteristics of Shallow Groundwater and Current Pollution Situation along the Second Songhua River

为掌握第二松花江沿岸浅层地下水水化学特征,在第二松花江沿岸采集了63组地下水样,并对其水质状况进行分析。研究显示,区内地下水水质比较稳定,从上游Cl-HCO3-Ca(Mg)型向下游HCO3-Ca-Na型过渡。地下水存在NO3-、NH4+、Fe、Mn、As、Pb及总硬度污染,上游地区NO3-浓度相对偏高,NH4+、Fe、Mn、As污染呈片状集中在下游地区,Pb污染呈点状零星分布。影响地下水污染的因素是地质环境及人类活动,下游地区含水层相对封闭,为Fe、Mn、As及NH4+的富集提供了还原环境,人类活动中工业废水的排放及农业生产也向地下水输入了大量的污染质。

In order to evaluate the chemical characteristics of shallow groundwater along the Second Songhua River,63 groundwater samples were collected for water quality analysis.The results showed that the chemical type of groundwater changed from Cl-HCO3-Ca（Mg） to HCO3-Ca-Na from the upstream to the downstream of the Second Songhua River.Pollutants in groundwater included NO-3,NH＋4,Fe,Mn,As,Pb and total hardness.Pollution components in groundwater showed regional differences,and the nitrate concentration was relatively higher in upper reaches,and NH＋4,Fe,Mn,As were distributed in patches in the downstream,while Pb pollution scattered in some areas.Geological background and human activities were main influencing factors of groundwater pollution.Aquifer in the downstream was relatively closed,which provided the reduced environment for the enrichment of Fe、Mn、As and NH＋4 in groundwater.In addition to the influence of nature environment,impaction of human activities could not be neglected.Industrial wastewater discharge and agricultural activities imported a great deal of pollutants into the groundwater.