成人失神癫痫的临床及脑电图特征分析

Adult Absence Epilepsy:An Epilepsy Syndrome with Special Clinical and EEG Features

目的探讨成人失神癫痫的临床及脑电图特征。方法采用目前国际公认的成人失神癫痫诊断标准,收集2006年1月至2007年3月期间就诊于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院癫痫中心的成人失神癫痫患者5例,详细记录其一般资料及临床特征,并行清醒/睡眠脑电图记录,分析对比患者成人期典型失神发作的特征变化、脑电图特征及对治疗的反应性。结果与儿童失神癫痫相比,成人失神癫痫患者的发作时间短暂,意识丧失程度轻微,发作频率明显降低,脑电图可表现为棘慢波节律变快,不对称,阵发性快节律,及放电局灶化趋势。结论成人失神癫痫是一类特殊的癫痫综合征,具有普通失神癫痫发作的共性,同时也有自身的个性特征,应引起临床关注。

Objective To analyze the special clinical and EEG characters of adult absence epilepsy that was a newly recognized epilepsy syndrome.Methods All the patients were diagnosed by the commonly used criteria of adult absence epilepsy.All cases were collected from the epilepsy center of Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2006 to March 2007.Demographics and clinical features were recorded in detail.EEG records including awake and sleep state were done for each patient.All the data were analyzed.Results Compared with child absence epilepsy,the duration of the paroxysm was shorter,the disorder of consciousness was weaker and the frequency was much lower in adult absence epilepsy.EEG showed fast spike waves,fast rhythm,asymmetry and focal discharges.Conclusion Adult absence epilepsy is a special epilepsy syndrome.It has the common features of absence seizure and meantime has its own special characteristics.