爆炸成型弹丸对装甲靶板的高速冲击效应研究

High speed impact effect of EFP on armor targets

爆炸成型弹丸(Explosively Formed Projectiles,简称EFP)垂直高速冲击603装甲靶板实验,呈现了靶板入口卷边花瓣状破坏、出口具有拉伸断裂特征的外翻花瓣形穿孔、入口直径明显大于出口直径等宏观的冲击现象。为了从机理上研究EFP对装甲靶板的高速冲击效应,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA动力学仿真软件,对整个冲击过程进行了数值模拟,再现了EFP形成、开坑、稳定侵彻、尾翼侵彻和冲塞贯穿的物理过程,模拟结果与实验现象吻合较好,并从原理上分析了实验中各宏观现象产生的原因。研究结果不但认识了EFP冲击装甲靶板的机理,也可为增强装甲防护能力和优化EFP设计提供理论参考,具有重要的现实意义和较高的工程应用价值。

Tests of EFP impacting 603 armor targets with a high speed showed the macro-phenomena as follows： curling petal-shaped damage of target entrance,valgus petal-shaped damage with tensile fracture characteristics of target exit,entrance diameter larger than exit diameter and so on.In order to study the mechanism of high speed impact effect,the whole impacting process was simulated using ANSYS/LS-DYNA,it reproduced the physical process of EFP formation,punching,steady penetration,empennage penetration and so on.Simulation results were in good agreement with test phenomena.The reasons why these macro-phenomena happened were analyzed in principle.Research results not only revealed the mechanism of EFP impacting armor target,but also provided theoretical reference to improve armor protection capability and optimize design methods of EFP,which was very important and valuable in engineering.