竹炭陶土复合材料的制备和结构性能表征

Preparation and Structural Characterization of Bamboo Charcoal Pottery Composites

以竹炭粉、陶土为主要原料,经混合、成型、干燥和煅烧等工艺制得竹炭陶土复合材料(以下称竹炭陶),采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、拉曼光谱测试仪(Raman)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和比表面积测试仪等仪器,对竹炭陶的微晶构造、孔隙结构、吸附和红外辐射性能等进行表征。结果表明:竹炭微粒镶嵌在陶土基体中,保留原有以中孔为主的孔隙结构和类石墨化晶体结构,获得的竹炭陶具有较大的比表面积和中孔为主的孔隙结构,能有效地吸附甲醛、苯等有害气体。加入一定量的竹炭能提高竹炭陶的远红外发射率,其红外发射率均高于陶土和竹炭,结合红外吸收光谱谱图分析,竹炭陶具有高红外发射率的本质在于具有倍频吸收、分子基团振动、转动及晶格振动。

The composite material of bamboo charcoal pottery（BCP）was made from pottery and bamboo charcoal powder as the major materials,which was manufactured by mixing,shaping,drying,calcining,testing and analying process.BCP was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,infrared radiation,raman spectroscopy,and specific surface area test to get the crystal structure,pore structure,adsorption,infrared emissivity,and others.The results showed that： Bamboo charcoal particles embedded in the clay matrix and kept their origin mesoporous structure.In addition the Bamboo charcoal particles bear the structure characterization of graphite.The BCP prepared in this manuscript possesses larger specific surface area and its pore structure is dominated by mesoporous.It could be absorb noxious gases such as formaldehyde and benzene efficiently.A certain amount of bamboo charcoal can improve the far-infrared emissivity of BCP.It is higher than the pottery and bamboo charcoal.Through analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,we can conclude that the essence of BCP with high infrared emissivity is due to the double-frequency absorption,molecular group vibrations,rotation and lattice vibration.