卵石层地质条件下定向钻穿越工艺与设备优化

Directional drilling crossing technology in pebble bed geology and equipment optimization

针对水平定向钻施工中穿越大厚度、大粒径卵石层这一技术难题,以洛阳-驻马店成品油管道黄河定向钻穿越工程为例,介绍了在厚度达38m,卵石粒径为80～250mm,卵石含量极高的卵石层中,采用水平定向钻机、顶套管机、大粒径卵石破碎器的联合施工工艺。建立了模拟套管顶进路径的数学模型,并拟出了套管在卵石层中的行进曲线,确定了顶管最佳入土角度,应用导向孔定位对接系统,成功完成了对大厚度、大粒径卵石层的穿越。针对套管的铁磁性影响周围地磁场,进而影响导向系统对钻头导向的问题,研制出导向孔对接定位系统。以普通顶管机及其相关施工工艺原理为基本设计依据,研制出专用于卵石层定向钻穿越的顶管钻机。洛阳-驻马店成品油管道黄河定向钻穿越工程的施工工艺,可为今后应用水平定向钻穿越卵石层施工提供借鉴。

In allusion to the technical problems in crossing pebble bed with heavy thickness and large particle size by horizontal directional drilling,taking the Yellow River directional drilling crossing project of Luoyang-Zhumadian Products Pipeline as an example,the comprehensive construction technology of horizontal directional drilling rig,casing pushing machine and large particle gravel knapper are adopted in the high density pebble bed with the thickness of 38 m and particles size of 80~250 mm.The mathematical model for simulating casing pushing path is presented,and the curve of casing pushing in pebble bed is simulated.And based on the best enter angle determined for pipe pushing,the horizontal directional drilling crossing through the pebble bed with heavy thickness and large particle has been carried out successfully by means of pilot hole positioning jointing system.Considering the influence of ferromagnetism of casing on the ambient geomagnetic field,and then the drillbit's direction of guiding system,the pilot hole positioning jointing System has been developed.The pipe pushing rig especially used for pebble bed crossing is developed based on the common pipe pushing machine and its technical principle.The construction technology in Yellow River directional drilling crossing project of Luoyang-Zhumadian Products Oil Pipeline provides a reference for the similar pipeline crossing project in pebble bed geology with horizontal directional drilling in near future.