植物油脂体及其结构蛋白研究

Study on Plant Oil Body and Its Structural Proteins

高等植物在其种子中储藏大量的脂类,为种子萌发及后续的籽苗生长提供碳源和能源。储藏脂类均贮存于油脂体(oil body,OB)中。油脂体的结构简单,核心部分是TAG组成的不透明结构,外层为磷脂单分子层,表面有多种膜蛋白,其中含量最丰富的是Oleosin。Oleosin和Caleosin作为2种结构蛋白在维持油脂体稳定性以及控制油脂体大小方面发挥重要的作用,对于种子质量的提高即种子油类产量和优化储存脂类及蛋白的提取过程具有重要的研究价值。油脂体表面还存在一些酶类如Steroleosin,可能与甾类化合物的合成相关。对油脂体形成的机制及相关蛋白结构与功能的研究进展进行了概述。

Higher plants accumulate a large amount of storage lipids in their seeds,which provide carbon and energy sources for seed germination and subsequent seedling growth.Storage lipids are all stored in lipid body.The structure of oil body is simple,the central component are opaque structure what composed by TAG,and external surface are phospholipids single molecule layer.There is variety of membrane-associated proteins on the surface of oil body,and Oleosin is the majority.As structural proteins,Oleosin and Caleosin play important roles on maintaining stability and controlling size of oil body.They also have important research value on improving seed quality,oil yield and optimization of extraction method of seed storage lipid and protein.There are also some enzymes on the surface of oil body,such as Steroleosin,which may have something to do with steroid compound.This paper summarizes the mechanism of formation of oil body and recent research progress on related protein function.