无土基质与营养液EC值对切花菊生长发育的影响

Effects of Growing Medium and Nutrient Solution Electrical Conductivity(EC)on the Growth and Development of Cut Chrysanthemum

探讨了营养液不同水平ＥＣ值与３ 种栽培基质对切花菊生长发育的影响。结果表明， 在‘日本黄菊’现蕾期前， 锯末混合河沙基质， 营养液ＥＣ 值为３ ．６ ～４ ．０ ｍＳ·ｃｍ － １ 对菊花生长发育较好； ＫＤ１ 型高吸水性树脂混河沙基质， 营养液ＥＣ值为２．６～３ ．０ ｍＳ·ｃｍ － １ 为宜。锯末混炉渣的ＥＣ值以２．０～２ ．５ ｍＳ·ｃｍ － １ 适宜。在上述ＥＣ 值下， 菊花生长发育良好， 切花外观达标率高。在生长发育良好状态下（ＥＣ３ ．１ ～３ ．５） 菊花组织矿质元素含量为： Ｎ （３６ ．７８ ±１２．０９） 、Ｐ （６．７０ ±２．６３） 、Ｋ （５７ ．４３ ±２２ ．１０） 、Ｃａ （５ ．４９±２ ．０３） 、Ｍｇ （１．８０ ±０．４９） ｍｇ·ｇ－ １ 。

The effects of electrical conductivity(EC)of nutrient solution and tree kind of growing media on cut Chrysanthemum were studied.The contents of mineral nutrient and chlorophyll,the capability of photosynthesis and the quality index such as flower stem length(cm)and weight of flower stem(g·stem -1 )were tested.The results showed that for the EC treatment of 3.6-4.0(mS·cm -1 ),plants of cut Chrysanthemum in the medium of saw dust mixed with sand gave the highest content of chlorophyll,photosynthetic rate and quality of cut flower in the early growing period.For the me dium of high hygroscopicity-synthesis resin mixed with sand(1∶99),the most suitable EC value was 2.6- 3.0 (mS·cm -1 ),whereas the EC value for growing medium of saw dust mixed with coal slag was 2.0-2.5(mS·cm -1 ),at which the plants could yield the cut flowers with best quality. The contents of mineral element in plants were tested,which were(mean value in mg·g -1 DW):N 36.78 ± 12.09 ,P 6.70±2.63,K 57.43±22.10,Ca 5.49±2.03,Mg 1.80±0.49.