木醋液和炭醋肥对设施蔬菜土壤肥力及蔬菜产量的影响

Effect of Pyroligneous Acid and the Mixture with Charcoal on Soil Fertility and Crop Yields under Protected Cultivation

通过田间小区试验,以土壤盐分含量、土壤团粒结构、土壤养分含量等指标,研究炭醋肥和木醋液连续施入设施土壤中对青梗菜(Brassica chinensisvar. Oleifera)和菜心(Brassica parachinensis)产量及设施土壤肥力的影响,为木醋液在设施农业中的合理运用提供理论基础。结果表明:施用炭醋肥和木醋液,可使土壤盐分含量分别降低6.8%～33.3%,4.5%～18.2%,施用效果为木醋液>炭醋肥>对照。可以增加土壤2～0.25mm级团粒的百分含量,改善土壤通气和透水性,从而使土壤结构性能变好,施用效果为炭醋肥>木醋液>对照;还可以调节土壤pH,提高有机质、速效磷含量。最终使供试蔬菜分别增产13.4%～21.7%和32.6%～35.0%,施用效果为炭醋肥>木醋液>对照。

In order to provide theoretical basis for reasonable use of pyroligneous in agricultural facilities,effects of continuous application of pyroligneous acid and the mixture with charcoal in greenhouse soil on yields ofBrassica chinensis var.Oleifera andBrassica parachinensis and change of soil fertility were studied,with soil salt content,aggregates composition and content of soil nutrient as the index of field plot experiments.The results showed that：the application of pyroligneous acid and the mixture with charcoal decreased content of soil total salt from 6.8% to 33.3%,4.5% to 18.2%,respectively,was as follows：pyroligneousthe mixture control.Increased proportion of soil aggregation composition about classified of 2-0.25 mm to change soil structure better by improving soil aeration and soil permeability than before was as follows：the mixture pyroligneouscontrol.Also,can adjusted pH value,increased organic matter and rapidly available phosphorus content.At last,increased yield of test vegetables from 13.4% to 21.7%,32.6% to 35.0%,respectively,was as follows：the mixturepyroligneouscontrol.