不同育苗基质对黄瓜生长及丛枝菌根真菌侵染的影响

Effects of the Different Substrates on the Growth of Cucumber and Infection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

为探讨丛枝菌根真菌在蔬菜育苗上应用的可能性,以黄瓜为供试作物进行优质育苗基质的筛选,并研究其对菌根真菌侵染和作物苗期生长的影响。试验以Glomus etunicatum、Glomus intraradics、Glomus mosseae为供试菌根真菌,采用4种基质配方:分别是陶粒+珍珠岩+蛭石(4:3:3)、(陶粒+珍珠岩+蛭石)+草炭=9:1、(陶粒+珍珠岩+蛭石)+保水剂(9:1)、蛭石+保水剂(1:1)。结果表明:接种3种菌剂后,蛭石+保水剂处理菌根真菌侵染率最低10%以下,且差异显著,其余3种基质处理菌根真菌侵染率均高于22.6%,尤其是接种G.intraradics后黄瓜幼苗根系侵染率高达87%以上。黄瓜幼苗在(陶粒+珍珠岩+蛭石)+草炭处理中壮苗指数显著高于其余3种基质处理;(陶粒+珍珠岩+蛭石)+草炭育苗基质不仅提高了幼苗壮苗指数,而且较适合丛枝菌根真菌侵染率,可作为培育菌根化苗的理想基质。

To investigate the possibility of applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on vegetable seedlings culture,experiments were conducted with cucumber as test crops to study the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi infection rate and seedling growth.Seeds of cucumber were sown in 4 mixed substrates and inoculated with AM fungiGlomus intraradics,Glomus mosseae,Glomus etunicatum.The four substrates were vermiculite：ceramsite：perlite：vermiculite=4：3：3,（ceramsite：perlite：vermiculite）：peat=9：1,（ceramsite：perlite：vermiculite）：water retaining agent=9：1,vermiculite：water retaining agent=1：1.Significant differences were observed in some treatments with respect to mycorrhizal colonization rates and seedling growth of cucumber.The results showed the infection rate of AMF were below 10% in mixture of vermiculite and water retaining agent.And Other three kinds of substrates treatments was higher than 22.61%,particularly after inoculated withG.intraradics the lowest infection rate was 87%.The highest seedling vigorous index in media（ceramsite：perlite：vermiculite）：peat.It was thus clear that（ceramsite：perlite：vermiculite）：peat treatments resulted in the most beneficial effects on seedling vigorous index and infection rate of cucumber roots.Therefore it was the ideal substrate for mycorrhizal seedling of cucumber.