法律必须认真对待习惯——论习惯的精神及其法律意义

Custom to be Weighed Heavier in Law:Spirit and Legal Significance of Custom

习惯由个人习惯(含本性和习性)与社会习惯(含习俗、惯例)构成。个人习惯是社会习惯的根基和源头,是习惯的核心和力量之源。习惯的精神是个人性而不是社会性。习惯精神个人性的法律意义在于它能改善法律自身的内部结构,强大其功能,为法律顺畅运行提供了最基本的内部力量、广泛的人性基础、深厚的合法性根基及其获得合法性的自然化机制。法律要想获得人们普遍而有效的遵循,必须认真对待习惯。

Custom consists of individual＇s habits（inherent or cultivated） and social usages（including customs and practices）,the former of which is held as the basis and origin of the latter,the core of custom and the source of strength.Customary spirit attributes a lot to individuality rather than sociality.In respect of law,the significance of individuality of spirit of custom lies in that it can improve the inner configuration of law,stimulate law＇s function,and lay a solid foundation for smooth implementation of law.Where law is expected to be well justified and generally complied with,custom must be taken into account seriously.