对魏伊丝代际公平说的全面反思

General Reflection on Weiss' Intergenerational Equity

为保护地球环境资源而创设的代际公平理论是建立在两个错误认识的基础上的,即把集合概念的人类视为类概念的人类和把地球环境资源财产化。假如没有后代人,人们也同样应该承担保护地球环境的义务。魏伊丝舍今世而求助于后代人及其权利,其原因在于权利时代所型塑出来的权利思维模式和路径依赖。虽然代际公平理论能够给我们提供观察和解决环境问题的时间视角,但它本身并不是什么新的法律理念,无法担负起指导现代环境法制建设和环境保护实践的重任。

Intergenerational equity,a theory developed by Weiss to protect global environment,is based on two cognitive errors,i.e.,taking set of human beings as type of humans and the Earth＇s environmental resources as property.Were there no future generations,we should also assume the obligation to protect global environment.Weiss＇ recourse to future generations and their rights rather than the present generation roots on the dependence of right thinking mode and path developed in the right era.Though intergenerational equity renders us the time perspective to solve environmental problems,it per se is by no means a novel legal idea and cannot undertake the task to guide the construction of modern environmental law system and protect environment in practice.