某大结构变化空间飞行器转动惯量在轨估计

Estimation On-Line for Inertia Tensor of Space Vehicle with Large Structural Change

针对某空间飞行器在轨运行时转动惯量变化大的特点,对其转动惯量的在轨估计方法进行了研究。基于姿态动力学模型建立状态方程,用陀螺测得的角速度、推力标称值和推力作用点的位置信息构造量测,用最小二乘法估计转动惯量。仿真结果证明了算法的有效性,误差小于5%。估计算法计算简单,估计时间和所用燃料消耗少,工程上易于实现。

According to the characteristics of the large variation of inertia tensor for some complex vehicle,the estimating method of the inertia tensor in orbit was studied in this paper.The state equation was established based on the attitude dynamics equation,and the observation was obtained from the measurements of the angular velocity,the nominal magnitude of the thruster and the position vector of point of action.The inertia tensor could be estimated by the least squares method.The simulation results showed that this method was correct,which was simple calculation,a little of consumption of fuel and short estimating time within the error less than 5%.The method was easy to be realized in engineering.