孕前体重、孕期增重对新生儿出生体重的影响

Effects of pregestational body weight and body weight gain during pregnancy on birth weight of neonates

目的:探讨孕妇孕前体重、孕期增重对新生儿出生体重的影响。方法:选取1 419例单胎妊娠孕妇作为研究对象。问卷调查孕妇的基本情况,定期产前检查时记录孕周并测量体重,随访研究对象妊娠结局。并采用LMS法分别建立孕妇不同孕前BMI组孕期不同周次增重的百分位数曲线。结果:超重组孕妇的新生儿出生体重最高,正常组次之,低体重组最低,三组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕前BMI<18.5的低体重组孕妇小于胎龄儿的检出率要高于其他两组的孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LMS曲线示三组孕母孕期体重增加呈逐渐上升趋势,孕早期三组体重增重甚少,孕中期体重增加小于孕晚期。孕前低体重组孕妇孕期总增重较正常体重组和超重组多。结论:孕前体重和孕期增重与新生儿的出生体重有密切关系,应采取有效措施进行合理控制。

Objective：To explore the effects of pregestational body weight and body weight gain during pregnancy on birth weight of neonates.Methods：1 419 pregnant women of single pregnancy were selected as study objects,a questionnaire was used to survey the general conditions of pregnant women,gestational weeks were recorded and body weight was measured during regular prenatal examination,the pregnancy outcomes were followed up;LMS method was used to establish percentile curve of body weight gain during pregnancy.Results：The birth weight of neonates in overweight group was the highest,followed by normal body weight group,the birth weight of neonates in low body weight group was the lowest,there was significant difference among the three groups（P0.05）.The detection rate of small for gestational age infants in low body weight group（pregestational body mass index18.5） was significantly higher than those in the other groups（P0.05）.LMS curve showed that the body weight gains during pregnancy in the three groups showed a gradual increasing tendency,the body weight gains during the first trimester of pregnancy in the three groups were low,which were lower than those during the third trimester of pregnancy.The total body weight gain during pregnancy in low body weight group was significantly higher than those in normal body weight group and overweight group.Conclusion：Pregestational body weight and body weight gain during pregnancy are related to birth weight of neonates closely,effective measures should be carried out to control body weight reasonably.