胎儿马蹄内翻足的产前诊断及预防措施的探讨

Exploration on the prenatal diagnosis and prevention measures of fetal talipes equinovarus

目的:探讨孕期超声检查在胎儿产前马蹄内翻足诊断中的应用价值。方法:1996～2007年河北省由60所单位进行出生缺陷监测和孕早期及中期的孕妇在产前进行超声筛查诊断。结果:河北省经1996～2007年12年监测围产期孕满28周及以上出生儿数据显示的出生缺陷发生率(1996年为68.66/万,2007年为97.76/万),河北省出生缺陷监测显示有4次高峰,每相隔3～2年有1次高峰,并呈波浪式上升趋势。门诊产前超声筛查,孕周范围在12+3～39+4周,共筛查38 585例,诊断6例马蹄内翻足,均为双侧,其中1例是在早孕期12+3周超声检查确诊,检出率为1.56/万。结论:超声检查具有简便,可重复,无辐射的优点,可以作为产前早期筛查诊断马蹄足内翻的有效手段,并能够提高先天性发育畸形产前超声检出率,具有实际应用价值,有利于优生优育。

Objective：To explore the application value of ultrasonography during pregnancy in prenatal diagnosis of fetal talipes equinovarus.Methods：The pregnant women during the second and third trimester of pregnancy from 60 institutions in Hebei province received prenatal ultrasonic screening and diagnosis during birth defects monitoring from 1996 to 2007.Results：The incidences of birth defects displayed by the monitoring data during perinatal period in Hebei province from 1996 to 2007 were 68.66/10 000 in 1996 and 97.76/10 000 in 2007,4 peaks were displayed by birth defects monitoring in Hebei province,the interval time was 2~3 years,showing a wave-like increasing manner.38 585 pregnant women of 12＋3~39＋4 gestational weeks received ultrasonic screening in outpatient department,6 fetuses were found with bilateral fetal talipes equinovarus,one fetus was diagnosed definitely at 12＋3 gestational weeks by ultrasonography,the detection rate was 1.56/10 000.Conclusion：Ultrasonography has the advantages of conveniency,repeatability and non-radiation,which can be used as an effective method for early screening and diagnosis of fetal talipes equinovarus,and it can increase the detection rate of congenital developmental anomaly,ultrasonography has practical application value and contributes to bearing and rearing better children.