简诺威茨之军队组织变迁研究论析

Analysis of and Comments on Janowitz's Research on Organizational Changes in the Armed Forces

简诺威茨是美国社会学家和政治学家,被西方学者公认为是军事社会学学科的创立者。在军事研究领域,他运用社会科学特别是社会学的方法,深入研究了在技术革命冲击下军队的组织变迁,涵盖军地关系、军内控制方式、战斗力促成因素、组织控制手段、军队之政治倾向等诸多层面。在我军武器装备不断升级换代、信息化建设不断深入、执行的任务日益多样化的情况下,简诺威茨的军事社会科学理论对我军的现代化建设有一定的启发意义。

Morris Janowitz （1919 -1988 ）, American sociologist and political scientist, is generally recognized a- mong Western scholars as the founding father of military sociology. In the area of military studies, he probed, using social science methods, especially sociological methods, into the organizational changes in the armed forces under the impact of technological revolution. His study covers such areas as military-civilian relations, internal control in the armed forces, factors contributing to combat effectiveness, organizational control methods, and political tendency of the military. Janowitz＇s social science theory will definitely throw some light on the modernization of our armed forces when our weapons and equipment are being continuously updated, informationization building continuously deepened, and missions more pluralized.