结核病专科医院在结核病防治中作用的调查研究

The study on the functions of the provincial TB special hospital in the TB control and prevention

目的了解结核病专科医院在结核病防治工作中的作用和存在的问题。方法在全国选取了3家省级结核病专科医院进行了现场调查。结果 3家省级结核病专科医院结核病床位数均在200张以上、结核病诊疗专业人员中高级职称占51.58%,设备和实验室方面优势明显。但是对患者的诊治不够规范,结核病患者的平均住院时间约为20 d;出院患者未按归口管理要求进行转诊且存在一定的中断治疗现象,部分医院患者疗程结束时失访率为90%左右;实验室痰检缺乏质控、质量有待提高;专科医院未纳入国家结核病防治工作体系,负担重,可持续发展能力不足。结论应充分发挥结核病专科医院在诊治疑难、危急重症、耐药结核病患者等方面的重要作用,将其纳入国家结核病防治工作体系,在政策和专项防治经费上给予一定的支持。

Objective To find out the functions and the problems of the special hospital in prevention of tuberculosis.Methods A field survey had been implemented in 3 provincial special hospitals.Results Provincial tuberculosis hospitals had many advantages such as the sufficient medical staffs with professional title,advanced equipments and the sufficient beds.But some problems existed such as the diagnosis and therapy of TB patients,lack of qualitative control in laboratory sputum examination and the special hospitals having not been included in the national TB service network.Conclusion The special hospitals have played important roles in diagnosis and treating severe TB and MDR TB patients.It is necessary for the country to provide the policies and funds to develop the special TB hospitals.