洞庭湖区退耕还湖的文化思考

Cultural Considerations on Returning Farmland to Lakes in Dongting Lake

洞庭湖是我国最主要的淡水湖之一,它的治理直接关系着长江中游平原经济的可持续发展。然而长期以来,学术界仅将洞庭湖治理视为一个纯粹的工程技术问题。本文以民族学的独特视角为切入点,论证了洞庭湖治理中的社会文化属性,进而指出根治洞庭湖乃是一项重大的社会工程,若不从民族文化的角度剖析洞庭湖灾变的成因,洞庭湖的社会文化治理就无从谈起。为此,本文从民族学的一个新兴分支学科——生态民族学出发,提出了使用文化制衡与文化要素嫁接手段诱导湖区文化重构,去建构根治洞庭湖的社会文化新模式。

Dongting Lake is one of the main fresh water lakes in China,whose governance is directly related to the economic sustainable development along the plain of middle reaches of Yangtze River.However,the academic circle has merely regarded the governance as a pure technical issue for a long term.Starting from the ethnology,this paper demonstrates social and cultural attributes in the governance of the Dongting Lake,and points out that the governance is a major social project.Without analyzing the causes of Dongting Lake disasters from the perspectives of ethnic cultures,it would be impossible to undertake the social and cultural governances.Therefore,viewed from the ecological ethnology,a new branch of the ethnology,it proposes the guidance for the cultural reconstruction of the lake region by means of the cultural balance and the combinations of cultural elements to build a new social cultural mode of the governance of the Dongting Lake.