“保民”:“屯田戍边”中的另一个重要目的——以清代前期新疆的屯田为例

Protecting the Livelihood of Farmers:Another Important Purpose of Stationing Troops for Guarding Frontiers and Farming——Taking as an Example the Stationing Troops for Guarding Frontiers and Farming in Xinjiang in the Early Qing Dynasty

"屯田戍边"除了戍边这一主要目的之外,还蕴含着另一个重要目的,那就是"保民"——解决农民生计问题。清代前期是清政府在新疆屯田的兴盛时期,因此该文从这一时期兴办屯田的目的、移民的转送、安置和落户后的生产安排以及赋役政策等三个方面,阐释了清政府移民屯田与"保民"的密切关联。

There was another important purpose besides guarding frontiers of stationing troops for guarding frontiers and farming;it was to protect the livelihood of farmers.Stationing troops for guarding frontiers and farming in Xinjiang in the early Qing Dynasty was the thriving period,so this article expounds on the close relationship between protecting the livelihood of farmers and the emigrating for farming from the three aspects of the purpose of initiating farming,the transporting and the settling down and the following arrangements for emigrates,and the tax and corvée policy in the period.