嗅鞘细胞生物学特性及其表达的相关分子

Olfactory ensheathing cells:cellular biology and molecular properties

嗅鞘细胞(olfactory ensheathing cells,OECs)起源于外周神经系统(嗅基板),可穿越外周与中枢之间的屏障进入中枢神经系统,是嗅觉系统内一类特殊的胶质细胞。OECs在整个嗅觉通路中包绕在嗅神经外周,伴随其进入嗅中枢,在嗅神经生长和再生中发挥重要作用。OECs是目前移植治疗中枢神经损伤的重要候选细胞之一。其生物学特点是由特异表达的分子决定的,这些分子包括PDGF、NDY、S-100和Nestin等。目前实验室中常用p75NTR标记OECs的定位与分布,尚缺乏可以特异标记OECs的分子,将其与神经膜细胞和星形胶质细胞区分开。本文就OECs生物学特性及其表达的相关分子作一简要综述。

Olfactory ensheathing cells（OECs）,a unique population of glia in the primary olfactory nervous system,are derived from the olfactory placode in the peripheral nervous system;they can envelop olfactory axons during migration from the olfactory epithelium to the bulb in the central nervous system and are thought critical for growth of olfactory axons in both the developing and adult olfactory nervous system.Importantly,OECs are potential candidates for implantation therapy of damage to the central nervous system.The biological features of OECs are determined by the molecules they express： PDGF,NDY,S-100,Nestin,etc.Although p75NTR is commonly used to label OECs,up to now there have been no specific molecules for identifying OECs from Schwann cells and astrocytes.This paper reviews the cellular and molecular biological properties of OECs.