致病性大肠杆菌O_(157):H_7基因分型的研究进展

Advance in genotyping of pathogenic Escherichia coli O_(157):H_7

就目前的大肠杆菌O157:H7基因分型方法进行了综述,将其归纳为3类:基于DNA的限制性酶切技术、基于特异靶标的PCR扩增技术、基于基因组特定位点的DNA多态性分析技术,阐述和分析了这些技术所涉及的方法和技术特点。认为,大肠杆菌O157:H7具有重要的公共卫生学意义,开展流行病学调查和病原溯源追踪是防控大肠杆菌病的重要手段,而基因分型是大肠杆菌O157:H7鉴定和示踪的重要技术。

This paper reviews the recent development of methodologies for genotyping Escherichia coli O157：H7,based on restriction analysis of the bacterial DNA,polymerase chain reaction（PCR） amplification of particular genetic targets,and the identification of DNA sequence polymorphisms.The techniques for genotyping and their strengths and weaknesses are briefly discussed.E.coli O157：H7 has a major impact on public health,the efficient surveillance and source tracking are important for the prevention and control of E.coli O157：H7.The microbial genotyping is a powerful tool for identification and source tracing of E.coli O157：H7.