合浦珠母贝不同来源群体小片贝的育珠效果比较

Quality comparison of pearls produced by different stocks of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata as mantle tissue donors

用广东湛江的2龄合浦珠母贝作为插核母贝,选取1.5龄、30-35 g之间的三亚贝、印度贝和广东贝作为小片贝,研究不同小片贝对珍珠质量的影响。结果发现,从光泽来看,印度小片贝的优质珠比例（47.7%）显著高于三亚小片贝（40.0%）和广东小片贝（42.0%,P〈0.05）,但三亚小片贝的珍珠上层速度0.0538（±0.0046）mm/月显著高于广东小片贝珍珠的0.0521（±0.0045）mm/月。说明采用印度小片贝对提高优质珠的比例有一定的效果,采用三亚小片贝能提高珍珠质分泌的速度,小片贝和受体贝来源于相同群体时能增加商品珠比例。

Two-year-old pearl oysters that were taken from Zhanjiang,Guangdong were used as nucleus host pearl oysters.Small pieces of the mantle tissue,taken from donor oysters of 1.5 years of age and 30-35 g of body weight,were used for implantation.These donor oysters were selected from Sanya,Indian and Guangdong stocks.The results showed that the proportion of elite pearls produced by Indian donor oysters（47.7%） was significantly higher than that by Sanya donors（40.0%） and Guangdong donors（42.0%）（P0.05）.The rate of nacre growth was 0.0538（±0.0046）mm/month for Sanya donor oysters,which was significantly higher than Guangdong donor oysters（0.0521±0.0045 mm/month）.The results showed that the faster the nacre secretes,the lower the proportions of elite pearls were.It suggested that using Indian pearl oysters as mantle tissue donors could raise the proportions of elite pearls;using Guangdong oysters as donors could improve the proportions of commercial pearls;using Sanya oysters as donors could increase the rate of nacre growth.