制度替换与“延续”：明清赣南基层行政组织之演变

System Substitution and Continuation:On the Evolution of Grassroots Executive Organization of South Gan in Ming and Qing Dynasties

晚清赣南盗贼问题突出,不仅"内匪"十分严重,"外匪"活动也很猖獗,使得南赣地区重新走向王朝"边缘化"管理之下。为了应对这一问题,吉南赣宁道长官江毓昌在龙南、全南、定南大力推行保甲、族禁和兴办学堂,在全南等地采取堡、乡、村、墟、牌形式来组织乡村社会,并与闽粤诸省采取联合行动,成立由赣粤绅士轮流坐班的四安总局。这些政策的实施一定程度上显示吉南赣宁道担当起了类似"南赣巡抚"的角色,说明社会实际的需要可能导致一项新的巡道制度来替代已经迁改的"南赣巡抚"制度,且赋予赣南基层行政组织更为深刻的历史内涵。

In late Qing dynasty,thieves and brigands were rampant both inside and outside South Gan,making the region under the marginalized management of the imperial court.Jiang Yuchang,official of Ji Nan Gan Ning Dao took various measures to address the problems.The implementation of these measures showed that a new Xun Dao system might be required to substitute the 'Nan Gan Xun Fu'(Governor of Nan Gan) and would endow a more profound historic connotation to the grassroots executive organization of Gan Nan.