腹泻患者粪便病原微生物培养方法的探讨

Discussion on the pathogenic microorganism cultivation method from feces samples of diarrhea patients

目的探讨腹泻患者粪便中肠道致病菌培养的方法。方法粪便标本由微生物检验人员常规做粪便性状观察和盐水涂片革兰染色或抗酸染色镜检,用5%血琼脂平板、中国蓝琼脂平板、SS琼脂平板、碱性蛋白胨水增菌液作一般细菌培养。结果 200例腹泻患者粪便病原微生物检验诊断回顾性分析,传统培养方法分离的沙门菌属和志贺菌属细菌已不是主要的肠道病原菌。结论传统的单一使用一种SS琼脂平板已经难以适应肠道致病菌发生的重大变迁,用5%血琼脂平板、中国兰平板、SS琼脂平板、碱性蛋白胨水增菌液对腹泻患者粪便培养,并在培养之前,由微生物检验人员常规做大便性状观察和盐水涂片革兰染色或抗酸染色镜检,以提高病原菌的检出率。

Objective To explore the enteropathogen cultivation method from feces samples of diarrhea patients.Methods Feces samples were tested by microorganism inspectors with routine observation and gram stain or acid-fast stain microscopic examination,and then blood agar plate with 5%,Chinese orchid agar plate,SS agar plate,peptone alkaline water media were used for general bacteria cultivation.Results We retrospective analyzed the feces samples of pathogenic microorganism from 200 diarrhea patients,and found out that the salmonella bacteria and bacterial isolated by traditional method were not the main enteropathogens.Conclusion The traditional and single method of SS agar plate is difficult to adapt to the changes of enteropathogens.Using feces samples from diarrhea patients cultured by blood agar plate with 5%,Chinese orchid agar plate,SS agar plate and peptone alkaline water media after routine observation and gram stain or acid-fast stain microscopic examination by microorganism inspectors could improve the reorganization rate of pathogenic bacteria.