利用花生壳制取活性炭的工艺探究

Study on the Technology of Activated Carbon Prepared by Groundnut Shell

探讨了以花生壳为原料制备活性炭的工艺条件。通过单因素实验,分别比较不同活化剂、活化温度和活化时间对以花生壳为原料生产的活性炭碘吸附值和得率的影响。采用不同的活化剂时,用ZnCl2溶液作活化剂的活性炭得率较高,达48%;用ZnCl2溶液作活化剂,活化时间为1~5 h,活性炭得率为37%~51%,碘吸附值为244~371 mg.g-1,活化温度为350~750℃时,活性炭得率为8%~60%,碘吸附值为267~362 mg.g-1。花生壳与ZnCl2溶液质量比为1：3.5,ZnCl2质量浓度为15%,在450~550℃下连续炭活化3~4 h,为本实验室条件下以花生壳为原料制取活性炭的适宜工艺条件。

Appropriate process conditions for the production of activated carbon with groundnut shell was explored.With peanut shells as raw material,through single factor,the different impacts on iodine value and yield respectively by different activator,temperature and hours were compared.Using different activator,with 15% ZnCl2 solution as activator got higher rates（48%）： when activation time was 1~5 h,the yield was from 37% to 51%,iodine value was from 224 to 371 mg·g-1,when activation temperature was from 250 to 750 ℃,the yield was from 8% to 60%,and iodine value was from 267 to 362mg·g-1.The appropriate technological conditions for activated carbon production with groundnut shell under this laboratory conditions are as follows：the weight ratio of peanut shells to ZnCl2 1：3.5,mass percentage of ZnCl2 15%,activation time 3~4 h,activation temperature 450~550 ℃.