从螺江陈氏家谱和清代硃卷看宗族士绅化

A Research on the Gentry in the Patriarchal Clan Based on Chen's Pedigree in Luojiang and Red Examination Papers in Qing Dynasty

宗族、科举、士绅这三者有很密切的互动关系,宗族通过科举不断的向上流动,产生了许多拥有功名和官职的士绅。而士绅在取得了较高的社会地位后,反过来又加强宗族的建设,帮助族人提高科举能力,将自己的荣誉通过朝廷的封赠制度封赠给自己的父祖辈,使得宗族的社会地位不断提高,获得更多的社会资源。当宗族建设完成后,其科举成绩不断提高,宗族逐渐完成士绅化,宗族的士绅化使得家族、宗族制度逐渐成为传统中国王权政治的广泛和重要的社会基础。

Gentry,imperial examination and lineage have closely interaction.The lineage continues to move upward through the imperial examination,resulting in a lot of fame and the official position of the Gentries.And after the gentries obtain higher social status,conversely,they will strengthen the lineage building,help improve the imperial examination ability of their clan members,give the honor to their fathers and grandfathers through the grant system of the imperial politics,and get more social resources.The lineage is full of gentries.This made the system of gentry and lineage become the wide and important basis of the traditional Chinese politics.