某中药厂职业病危害关键控制点的动态研究

The critical control points of occupational hazards in a Chinese pharmaceutical plant:a 5-year study

目的研究某中药厂近5年职业病危害关键控制点的变化特点及其影响因素。方法运用职业卫生学调查、职业病危害因素检测、职业健康检查等方法,综合分析职业病危害关键控制点的动态变化情况。结果该中药厂存在的职业病危害因素主要有中药粉尘、噪声、微波辐射和高温等,有的工作点有超标情况。近5年未发现患职业病人员,表明防护设施对职业病危害具有一定控制效果。结论该中药厂职业病危害关键控制点中危害因素种类和控制措施未变化,但控制部位不同。应通过合理安排产能和每日工作时间等措施减少职业危害对工人影响。

Objective To observe the changes of a critical control points of occupational hazards in a Chinese pharmaceutical plant in the past five years and to study the potential affecting factors.Methods The working environment of this plant was surveyed;the occupational hazards were measured and workers were physically examined annually for 5 years.Results The major occupational hazards in this Chinese pharmaceutical plant were Chinese herb dust,noise,microwave radiation and heat stress（high temperature environment）.The protective facilities against occupational hazards were installed and run effectively.However,the concentration or intensity of such hazards at some worksites was still not compliant with the requirement of OELs,while no cases suffering from occupational diseases were noted.Conclusion The critical control points of occupational hazards in a Chinese pharmaceutical plant were kept same in the past years,but the control sites should be carefully designed.The reasonable operating time and productivity should be considered.