某私营企业接触职业病危害因素人群职业卫生知识和态度及行为的干预效果分析

Effects of interventer on occupational health knowledge, attitude and practice of people with occupational disease risk in private enterprises

目的通过干预前后接触职业病危害因素人群职业卫生知识、态度、行为的变化，评价某私营企业职业卫生健康促进的效果。方法选择温州某私营皮革企业接触职业病危害因素人群共202人进行职业卫生知信行现状的基线调查，并经3个月的健康促进后用同样方法复查。结果干预后知识态度和行为得分（分别为9．34±2．57、7．79±2．58、7．24±2．50）明显高于干预前（分别为8．06±2．71、7．63±2．67、7．11±2．60），差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）；不同的工龄、文化、户口所在地及培训经历的知识、态度、行为得分净增值组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。结论健康促进提高了职工的知识、态度、行为水平；低工龄、低文化、来自农村以及以往未参加过相关培训等人群的干预效果明显。

Objective To evaluate the effects of health promotion on occupational health based on the changes in knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） before and after intervention of people with occupational disease risk in private enterprises. Methods 202 people with occupational disease risk in private leather enterprises of Wenzhou were surveyed, who were rechecked with the same questionnaire after three months intervention. Results The knowledge, attitude and practice scores （9.34±2.57,7.79±2.58 and 7.24±2.50, respectively ） of post-intervention group were significantly increased more than those of pre-intervention（ 8.06± 2.71,7.63 ±2.67,7.11±2.60, respectively）（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）. The net increases of knowledge, attitude and practice scores were significantly different with different length of service, educational level, registered residence and training experience （P 〈0.05,P 〈0.01）. Conclusions Health promotion could increase knowledge, attitude and practice levels; The effect of intervention on people with short length of service, low educational level, coming from country and had not attended training is significant.