远航人员干眼发病相关因素的研究

Risk factors associated with xerophthalmus in the prolonged deployed personnel at sea

目的通过对执行“亚丁湾”护航任务的远航人员及参加2010年部队健康体检的陆勤人员干眼流行病学的调查，了解远航人员干眼发病的相关因素，为我军进一步进行远航训练和护航任务时干眼的预防提供参考。方法以海军参加“亚丁湾”护航任务的远航人员及参加2010年部队健康体检的陆勤人员各250人作为研究对象，依托海军866医院船诊治平台及解放军第四一一医院眼科门诊。主要包括问卷调查和干眼检测两个部分。结果护航3个月官兵及护航6个月官兵及参加2010年部队健康体检的陆勤人员干眼患病率分别为16．8％、23．6％及9．2％。与干眼发病相关的因素有年龄、接触视屏时间、空气污染（吸烟、厨房油烟、油漆）、空调、强光、海风、隐形眼镜、滴眼液、睡眠时间等。结论海勤人员较陆勤人员干眼发病率明显升高，就纳入本研究的因素而言，影响干眼发病的主要因素是年龄和接触视屏时间、空气污染（吸烟、厨房油烟、油漆），而强光、海风、空调、滴眼液、隐形眼镜等在一定程度上影响着干眼的发生。

Objective To investigate prevalence rates of xerophthalmus in the prolonged deployed personnel of the Chinese Navy convoy ships in the Gulf of Aden and in a population of ground service people, who received health checks in 2010 for evaluation of risk factors attributing to xerophthalmus. Methods This study had as research subjects the prolonged deployed personnel onboard the hospital ship - ＂ Ark Peace＂ and 250 ground service people, who received health checks in No. 411 Hospital of CPLA. Our research consisted of 2 parts, one was the questionnaire, and the other was health checks for the screening of xerophthalmus. Results Prevalence rates of xerophthalmus were 16.8% , 23.6% and 9.2% respectively for the prolonged deployed personnel of the Chinese Navy convoy ships for durations of 3 and 6 months and the ground service people. Risk factors associated with xerophthalmus were： age, video display exposure time, air pollution （smoking, oil mist in the kitchen, paint） , air conditioning, highlight, sea breeze, contact lenses, eye drops, hours of sleep, etc. Conclusions The prevalence rate of xerophthalmus in the prolonged deployed personnel was obviously higher than that in the population of ground service people. According to our study, main risk factors associated with xerophthalmus were age, video display exposure time, air pollution, however, highlight, sea breeze, air conditioning, eye drops and contact lens were also attributing factors to xerophthalmus to a more or less extent.