合成液体燃料的活性炭负载钴基催化剂的反应性能

Performance of Co/AC Catalyst in Synthesizing Liquid-Fuel

在固定床等温积分反应器中，考察了活性炭负载钴基催化剂（Co／AC）的费托（F—T）合成反应性能，采用BET、H2-TPR和SEM等方法对Co／AC催化剂进行了表征。表征结果显示，Co／AC催化剂孔道属于微孔和中孔的混合结构，可用纯H2还原，还原温度选取350～400℃。实验结果表明，升高反应温度和反应压力、减小气态空速、增加原料气中H2与CO的摩尔比（H2／CO比），有利于提高CO的转化率；升高反应压力、降低反应温度、减小气态空速及原料气H2／CO比有利于高碳烃和高碳醇的生成。Co／AC催化剂用于F—T合成较优的工艺条件为：反应温度230℃，反应压力4．0MPa，原料气H2／CO比2．00，气态空速2000h^-1.在该反应条件下，CO转化率为20．1％，CH4、低碳烃（C2～4）、高碳烃（C5^＋）、低碳醇（C1～5OH）及高碳醇（C6^＋OH）的选择性分别为19．1％，24．1％，365％,15．8％,4．5％。

The performance of Co/activated carbon （AC） catalyst in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was evaluated in a fixed-bed integral reactor. The result showed that high temperature, high pressure, high n（ H2 ） ： n （CO） in syngas and low GHSV was beneficial to increase of the catalyst activity. The increase of pressure and the decreases of temperature, GHSV and n（H2）： n（CO） would result in the increases of selectivities to hydrocarbons and alcohols with high carbon numbers. The Co/AC catalyst was characterized by means of BET, H2-TPR and SEM. The result showed that there were micropores and mesopores in the catalyst structure. The catalyst could be activated by H2 in the temperature range of 350 -400 ℃. Under the optimum conditions of reaction temperature 230 ℃, reaction pressure 4.0 MPa, n（H2） ： n（CO） 2.00 and GHSV 2 000 h^-1, the conversion of CO was 20. 1%, and the ＋ selectivities to CH4, C2-4, C5^＋ , C1-5OH and C6OH were 19. 1% ,24. 1%, 36.5% , 15. 8% and 4.5 %, respectively.