国外职业安全与健康政府管制研究综述

Reviews of Occupational Safety and Health Regulation Researches in Foreign Countries

职业安全与健康政府管制研究在发达国家已形成比较完善的理论体系。本文在深入分析国外职业安全与健康政府管制相关文献的基础上,对有关研究者的观点进行提炼,并按照职业安全与健康政府管制必要性、管制对象与方法、管制绩效评价三个方面进行综述。国外学者总体上对职业安全与健康政府管制绩效持肯定态度,但也指出管制的负面性,强调:应对政府管制权力加以制约;注重政府管制的方式方法,提高管制效果;加强政府管制绩效评价,树立成本—收益理念。这些可以为我国政府的安全生产管制实践提供借鉴。

The research on occupational safety and health regulation has formed a comparatively perfect theoretical system in developed countries.Based on in-depth analysis of foreign related literatures of occupational safety and health regulation,this paper refined relevant researchers＇ ideas,and summarized in accordance with three aspects over necessity,methods and performance evaluation of occupational safety and health regulation.Foreign scholars generally held a positive attitude on occupational safety and health regulation,but also pointed out the negativity of regulation.They emphasized that regulation powers should be restricted,attention should be paid to regulation methods to improve regulation effect,the performance evaluation of regulation should be strengthened,and the cost and benefit concept should be established.All of them can offer reference to our governmental regulation practice of work safety.