接受和不接受美沙酮维持治疗的海洛因成瘾者HIV、HCV抗体检测和影响因素的比较研究

THE DIFFERENCE IN PREVALENCE OF HIV AND HCV AND RISK FACTORS AMONG HEROIN USERS ON OR OUT METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT

目的:比较参与和不参与美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)的海洛因成瘾者HIV、HCV感染及其危险因素的异同。方法:使用自行编写的调查问卷对长沙市和武汉市两地MMT和非MMT的海洛因成瘾者进行横断面调查,并检测HIV和HCV感染情况。结果:MMT门诊和非MMT门诊的成瘾者采取静脉注射方式的比例分别为72.0%和51.3%,差异具有显著性(P=0.000);共用注射器的比例分别为23.7%和41.7%,差异具有显著性(P=0.011);HCV阳性的比例分别为85.4%和47.9%,差异具有显著性(P=0.000);HIV感染分别为0.56%和0.85%(两组没有区别P=0.090);经常使用安全套者的比例分别为44.0%和8.4%,差异具有显著性(P=0.000)。结论:MMT门诊海洛因患者HCV感染情况比非MMT门诊者更严重,但与HIV、HCV传播相关的高危因素较少。

Objective： To study the difference in prevalence of HIV,HCV and risk factors among heroin users on or out methadonemaintenance treatment（MMT） in Wuhan and Changsha.Methods：Using a questionnaire,we investigatedthe heroin users both on and out MMT in Wuhan City and Changsha City.Blood samples were collected and tested for HIV and HCV after questionnaire survey was done.Results：Among the heroin users on MMT and out MMT,the prevalence of injecting drug use was 72.0% and 51.3%,respectively（P=0.000）;the prevalence of sharing needles was 23.7% and 41.7%,respectively（P=0.011）;the prevalence of HCV infection was 85.4% and 47.9%,respectively（P=0.000）;the prevalence of HIV infection was 0.56% and 0.86%,respectively（P=0.090）;the prevalence of usingcondom was 44.0% and 8.4%,respectively（P=0.000）.Conclusion：Heroin users on MMT have severer HCV infections,but fewer risk factors of HCV and HIV infection.