有关“食物相克”的调查及实验观察

SURVEY OF THE LITERATURES AND THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ABOUT "MUTUAL RESTRAINED FOOD COMBINATIONS"

目的通过文献、书籍调研,同时调查兰州地区部分人群对食物相克的认知现状,并通过动物实验与人群试食实验,为纠正"食物相克"的认识提供依据。方法选择中国期刊网全文数据库和各大书店相关书籍,作为文献统计数据源,进行调研。自行设计调查问卷,随机整群抽取兰州地区1346人进行问卷调查。选择昆明系小鼠50只随机分为5组,对照组喂饲基础饲料,实验组喂饲四组"相克食物",为期一周,观察动物的一般状况,并进行血液生化指标与脏器组织形态学检查。选择兰州地区志愿健康人60名,男女各半,平均分为6组,一组作为对照,5组分别试食5对"相克食物",观察其主观反应,为期7 d。结果绝大多数文献、书籍刊载的"食物相克"缺乏依据。书籍杂志、电视和亲朋是调查对象获取食物相克信息的主要途径。农民关于食物相克的认知度最低。学生能认识"食物相克"是错误的。小鼠投食7 d后,一般状况良好,各项观察和检测指标均无异常。人群试食7 d后均未出现任何不良反应及临床症状。结论 "食物相克"在文献上缺乏依据,调查对象对食物相克认知存在差异,所选"相克食物"经动物实验和人群试食,均未发现不良反应或中毒征象。应纠正对"食物相克"的错误认识,倡导科学膳食观,积极宣传和推行《中国居民膳食指南》。

Objective Based on the literatures review of ＂mutual restrained food combinations＂,the current cognition of some groups of people in Lanzhou area was surveyed and both the animal experiment and human study were performed to provide scientific evidences for better understanding of this hearsay,whether it was right or wrong.Method The full-text database from Chinese periodicals and relevant books collected from the bookstores were used as the source of information.1346 subjects were randomly chosen from Lanzhou area for survey of cognition about ＂mutual restrained food combinations＂ with questionnaires.50 Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups,one fed the basic diet as control and the other groups fed 4 ＂mutual restrained food combinations＂ respectively.The feed consumed,body weight,hemogram,liver and kidney function tests of the animals were observed and the histo-pathological pictures of main organs were examined as well.30 males and 30 females selected from Lanzhou city were divided into 6 groups.One group consumed usual diet as control and the other 5 consumed diet with 5 ＂mutual restrained food combinations＂ respectively.Their subjective feeling and adverse reactions were recorded during 7 d.Results Most statements about ＂mutual restrained food combinations＂ in literatures and books was without scientific evidences.The major source of these informations was from books,periodicals,television programs,and communications with relatives and friends.The farmers obtained the lowest mean score in the knowledge about ＂mutual restrainal food combinations＂,while the college students obtained higher scores than other groups.The animal experiment showed that neither physical and behavioral disorders nor biochemical and morphological changes were observed in mice fed with 4 pairs of ＂mutual restrained combined foods＂.There were also no clinical symptoms or adverse reactions observed in human subjects after eating 5 ＂mutual restrained combined foods＂ for 7d.Conclusion There were no experimental evidences about ＂mutual restrained foodcombination＂ in literatures or experimental and clinical study. The understanding or acceptance of this view was different among various groups of people.Evidence based regimen should be more advocated.Consuming the selected ＂mutual restrained foods＂ showed no intoxication in either experimental animals or human subjects.The idea of ＂mutual restrained food combinations＂ was wrong and opposite to the first item of ＂The Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents——To Eat Various Kinds of Food＂.More works are necessary to propagate The Guidelines in the public and correct all wrong ideas contradictory to it.