直接达到液氦温度的G-M型制冷机及其应用

G-M REFRIGERATOR OPERATING AT LIQUID HELIUM TEMPERATURE AND ITS APPLICATION

随着低温下具有高比热峰值的磁性稀土材料的发现，大幅度提高Ｇ Ｍ型制冷机的性能具有了可能性。基于磁性稀土填料Ｅｒ３Ｎｉ、ＥｒＮｉ、ＧｄＲｈ 等的特性，根据热力过程分析和数值计算结果，对双级Ｇ Ｍ 型制冷机进行了重新设计、加工，使其达到了液氦温度。介绍了我们研制的４．２ Ｋ双级Ｇ Ｍ 型制冷机的设计和结构。该制冷机的最低制冷温度为２．６ Ｋ，制冷量为５８０ ｍ Ｗ／４．２ Ｋ、１ １００ ｍ Ｗ／５．０ Ｋ，热工效率高。同时简要介绍了该制冷机的应用。

In the late of 1980s,owing to the introduction of magnetic regenerator materials,the performance of GM refrigerator has been improved greatly.The methods of design and manufacture of GM refrigerator have been updated based on the numerical analysis of the unique features of the low temperature refrigerator.Consequently,the lowest cooling temperature of the refrigerator reaches liquid helium temperature.In this paper the design and structure of a 4 2 K two stage GM refrigerator developed by us,with the lowest refrigerating temperature of 2 6 K,cooling capacity of 580mW@4 2 K and 1100mW@5 0 K,respectively,are presented.The applications of this refrigerator have also been introduced.