黄土高原旱地大量营养元素缺乏对小麦产量和营养元素含量的影响

Effect of macroelement deficiency on wheat yield and grain nutrient content in the dryland of the Loess Plateau

在采自陕西长武地区高、中、低三种肥力土壤上进行种植冬小麦盆栽试验,研究氮磷钾缺乏对小麦生物量、产量及产量三要素及籽粒矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明,缺氮条件下,小麦穗数、穗粒数大幅度减少,从而使小麦生物量和产量显著下降,缺氮还降低了小麦籽粒中硫、钙以及铁、锰、铜、锌的含量;缺磷条件下,小麦生物量下降、分蘖数降低,籽粒千粒重也显著下降,缺磷还显著降低籽粒内镁的含量;缺钾对小麦产量以及微量元素含量等作用不明显。总之,缺氮对产量以及中微量元素在小麦籽粒中的含量影响最大,其次是磷,而后是钾。

It is of great significance to study the effect of N,P and K on the nutrient contents in wheat grain and yield of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau.So pot trials was carried out in Northwest AF University to study the effects of N,P and K deficiency on biomass,yield,3 yield components and mineral element content in grain of winter wheat grown in soils with high,middle and low fertility soils which were collected from Changwu County,Shaanxi Province.The obtained results showed that N deficiency decresed significantly spike number and grain number per spike,and therefore decreased the biomass and grain yield.Further more, content S,Ca,Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn in wheat grain were also deceased due to N deficiency.Deficiency of phosphorus decresed biomass,tillers and 1000-grain weight as well as Mg content in grain.Deficiency of potasium showed no significant effects on yield and nutrient content in the grain of winter wheat.Negative effects of N deficiency were the most serious,and then was P,while the last one was K.