不同孕周胎儿心脏结构及其心功能的相关参数的分析

Analysis of Relevant Parameters of Fetal Cardiac Structure and Function in Different Gestational Weeks

[目的]探讨不同孕周胎儿心脏结构及其心功能的相关参数.[方法]应用彩色多普勒超声心动图检测不同孕周孕妇216例,比较不同孕周胎儿心腔径线、瓣膜口峰值血流速度、射血分数和Tei指数.[结果]胎儿时期心脏各腔室大小随着孕周的增长而增大,右室大于左室,结构上右室占优势;各瓣口峰值血流速度随胎龄增加而升高,二尖瓣小于三尖瓣,主动脉瓣大于肺动脉瓣;二、三尖瓣口血流E峰小于A峰,A/E〉l,心室舒张顺应性低下;不同孕周间胎儿心胸比例及Tei指数无统计学差异（P〉0.05）.[结论]了解正常心腔径线在孕期的变化、胎儿心脏结构及功能,对诊断胎儿心血管畸形具有重要意义.

[Objective] To explore the relevant parameters of fetal cardiac structure and function in different gestational weeks. [Methods] Totally 216 pregnant women of different gestation weeks were examined by color Doppler echocardiography. The diameter of cardiae chamber, peak blood flow velocity of valve orifice, ejection fraction and Tel index of fetuses of different gestational weeks were compared. [Results] The size of fetal cardiac chambers increased with the gestational age, and right ventricle was larger than left ventricle, and the structure of right ventricle was predominant. The peak blood flow velocity of each valve orifice elevated with the gastationM age, and that of mitral valve was lower than tricuspid valve, and that of aortic valve was higher than pulmonary valve. The blood flow E-peak velocity of mitral valve and tricuspid valve was lower than A peak velocity（A/E）l）. The compliance of ventricular di- astole decreased. There were no significant difference in cardiothoracic ratio and Tel index of different gestational age （ P 〉0.05）. [Conclusion] Understanding the change of the diameter of cardiac chambers, fetal cardiac structure and function is very important for the diagnosis of fetal cardiovascular abnormalities.