中国肿瘤登记地区2007年肿瘤发病和死亡分析

A Report of Cancer Incidence and Mortality from 38 Cancer Registries in China,2007

[目的]对全国肿瘤登记中心收集的2007年肿瘤的发病和死亡数据进行汇总,描述和分析中国肿瘤登记覆盖地区肿瘤负担情况。[方法]2010年,上报2007年肿瘤登记资料的登记处共48个,其中数据符合标准的登记处有38个。38个登记处覆盖人口59 809 313人（其中城市44 609 139人,农村15 200 174人）,共报告新发病例165 171例,死亡病例105 916例。病理诊断比例为65.83%,只有死亡证明书比例为1.95%,死亡/发病比为0.64。分别计算38个登记地区发病率、死亡率,地区别、性别、年龄别发病死亡率,年龄调整率,疾病构成比和累积率,以反映登记地区恶性肿瘤的负担情况及其特征。[结果]38个中国肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率为276.16/10万（其中男性305.22/10万,女性246.46/10万;城市地区为284.71/10万,农村地区为251.07/10万）,中标率145.39/10万,世标率189.46/10万,0~74岁累积发病率为21.68%。恶性肿瘤死亡率为177.09/10万（其中男性219.15/10万,女性134.10/10万;城市地区为173.55/10万,农村地区为187.49/10万）,中标率86.06/10万,世标率116.46/10万,0~74岁累积死亡率为13.06%。常见肿瘤发病前10位是肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、女性乳腺癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、膀胱癌、脑瘤和淋巴瘤,占全部恶性肿瘤发病的76.12%。死亡前10位的肿瘤是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、白血病、脑瘤和淋巴瘤,占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的84.37%。[结论]恶性肿瘤依然是威胁我国居民健康的重大疾病,其中肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌和女性乳腺癌负担明显,应进一步加强对主要肿瘤的预防和控制。

[Purpose] To analyze cancer incidence and mortality data collected from Chinese cancer registries to evaluate cancer burden in 2007.[Methods] In 2010,48 cancer registries reported cancer incidence and mortality data of 2007.Among them 38 registries＇ data met the national criteria.The covered population was 59 809 313 from the 38 cancer registries（44 609 139 in urban areas,and 15 200 174 in rural areas）.The total cancer incident cases and cancer deaths were 165 171and 105 916 respectively,with 65.83% of morphological verified,1.95% of cases from death certification only and mortality to incidence ratio of 0.64.The index in this analysis included crude rate,gender,age,region specific rate,age-standardized rate,proportion and cumulative rate of cancer incidence and mortality in order to describe epidemiological characteristics of cancer in China.[Results] The cancer crude incidence was 276.16/100 000（305.22/100 000 in male and 246.46/100 000 in female;284.71//100 000 in urban and 251.07/100 000 in rural）;age-standardized incidence by Chinese population（1982） and by world Segi＇s population were 145.39/100 000 and 189.46/100 000 respectively,and the cumulative incidence（0~74 age years old） was 21.68.The cancer mortality was 177.09/100 000（219.15/100 000 in male and 134.10/100 000 in female;173.55/100 000 in urban and 187.49/100 in rural）;Chinese and world age-standardized incidence were 86.06/100 000 and 116.46/100 000 respectively,and the cumulative incidence（0~74 age years old） was 13.06%.Cancers of lung,stomach,colorectum,liver,breast,esophagus,pancreas,bladder,brain and lymphoma were the top ten of most common cancer sites,accounted for 76.12% of all cancer incident cases.Cancers of lung,liver,stomach,esophagus,colorectum,pancreas,leukemia,brain and lymphoma were ranked top ten of cancer mortality,accounted for 82.97% of all cancer deaths.[Conclusions] Cancer is still the main disease threatening people＇s health in China.Cancers of lung,liver,stomach,colorectum,esophagus,and female breast were the most common cancers.Prevention and control should be enhanced,especially for main cancers.