普通话可接受噪声级测试材料的开发与等价性评估

The development and equivalence analysis of mandarin acceptable noise level test materials

目的开发普通话版可接受噪声级(acceptable noise level,ANL)测试材料。方法从小学、初中和高中语文教材中选取3篇难易程度不同的短文材料;选取31例听力言语正常人分别进行3种材料的ANL测试,获得3种材料下的最舒适响度级(most comfortable loudness,MCL)、最大背景噪声级(background noise level,BNL)和ANL值。结果听力正常人群个体间ANL值存在很大差异(F=22.414,P<0.05),变化范围从-1～21dBHL不等;但3组测试材料的MCL、BNL和ANL值均无统计学差异。相关分析结果显示,3组材料间MCL与ANL的相关性依次为:《北京的春节》,r=0.532,P=0.002;《苏州园林》,r=0.474,P=0.007;《故都的秋》,r=0.530,P=0.002。结论 ANL值不受测试材料的影响,可利用不同性质的材料进行ANL测试,便于临床该项测试的开展和应用;初步选取相关性较好且较易理解的《北京的春节》作为普通话ANL正式测试材料,用于助听器选配和人工耳蜗植入效果的评估。

OBJECTIVE To develop the mandarin test material of acceptable noise level（ANL）. METHODS ANL tests were measured for 31 normal hearing participants using the different intelligible materials.For each discourse,the most comfortable loudness（MCL）and background noise level（BNL） were found.The ANL was then computed by subtracting the mean BNL from MCL.RESULTS Statistic analysis indicated that there were significant differences of the ANL（P0.05）among the normal hearing listeners, but no differences of the three materials＇MCL,BNL,and ANL were found.The Pearson correlation coefficients between MCL-ANL showed that＂The Spring Festival of Beijing＂had much better correlation than the other two discourses.CONCLUSION ANL may not change as speech intelligibility changes and can be measured using various types of speech signals;＂The Spring Festival of Beijing＂will be used as the mandarin ANL test material to evaluate the outcomes of hearing aid fitting and cochlear implantation.