盐田区儿童肺炎支原体感染并肺外损害临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Extra-Pulmonary Damage in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection in Yantian District

目的通过观察盐田区儿童支原体肺炎的临床特征,提高对肺炎支原体感染的认识,减少误诊误治。方法回顾性分析深圳市盐田区人民医院20082010年儿科住院138例支原体肺炎患儿的临床资料。结果 138例患儿中33例合并消化系统损害：表现为肝功能ALT升高或合并肝肿大,或呕吐,食欲不振,腹泻等。11例合并心肌损害：表现为心悸,胸闷,面色苍白,气促等,实验室检查示特异性心肌酶谱升高,或心电图异常。3例合并肾功能损害。3例血常规检查呈现类白血病反应,12例血常规白细胞总数低于正常。2例患儿出现惊厥史。结论肺炎支原体感染,不仅可导致上呼吸道感染、支气管炎、支气管肺炎等呼吸道疾病,还可肺外多系统损害,主要表现为合并消化系统及心血管系统损害,甚至诱发严重并发症而危及生命。故临床医生应全面观察,完善相关系统的实验室检查,及时发现并发症。

Objective To observe the clinical features of mycoplasma pneumonia in children lived in Yantian District,improve our awareness of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection,and reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment of mycoplasma pneumonia.Methods The clinical data of 138 hospitalized children with mycoplasma pneumonia in our hospital from 2008-2010 years were analyzed retrospectively.Results In all 138 patients,33 cases were with damage to the digestive system：liver function showed elevated ALT,hepatomegaly or vomiting,loss of appetite and diarrhea;11 patients with myocardial injury：palpitations,chest tightness,pale,shortness of breath and increased performance of specific myocardial enzymes,or ECG abnormalities;3 cases with impaired renal function;3 cases with leukemoid reaction by blood test;12 patients with lower blood leukocytes;2 cases with the history of convulsion.Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection,can not only lead to the upper respiratory tract infection,bronchitis,bronchial pneumonia and other respiratory diseases,but also lead to the extrapulmonary multi-system damage,mainly in digestive system and cardiovascular system,which can induce serious complications and even life-threatening.Therefore,clinicians should pay more attentions on the careful observation of condition changes,laboratory tests of the relevant system,complications and timely diagnosis and treatment