374名县医院医务人员吸烟行为及控烟态度调查

Investigation on Behavior and Attitude of Cigarette Smoking among 374 Healthcare Professionals in County Hospitals

目的了解河南省某县医院医务人员吸烟行为及控烟态度现状,为实施控烟干预提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法问卷调查河南省某县医院医务人员吸烟行为及控烟现状。结果共调查374名在职员工,其中临床医生94人,医技人员43人,行政后勤人员39人,护理及其他人员198人,总吸烟率14.71%,男性吸烟率55.67%,高于女性(χ2=175.21,P<0.001)。按性别分层分析显示,不同受教育程度和工作岗位的男性医务人员吸烟率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。吸烟者中临床医生与其他医务人员相比,工作时吸烟率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.01,P=0.156),休息时吸烟率较低(χ2=9.33,P=0.002);在室外、洗手间吸烟率较低(P<0.05);在患者/家属面前吸烟、接受患者/家属敬烟、给别人敬烟等行为差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在同事面前吸烟率较低(χ2=6.17,P=0.013)。临床医生及护士赞成医生工作时间不应吸烟的比例尚低于其他医务人员(χ2=5.38,P=0.020)。结论县级医院男性医务人员吸烟比例较高,对吸烟危害的认识普遍不足,主动戒烟比例较低,应在加强吸烟危害宣传的同时,在医务人员中开展强制戒烟。

Objective To Understand the status of behavior and attitude of cigarette smoking among healthcare professionals in county hospitals in Henan province,and to provide baseline data for smoking control in healthcare workers in county hospitals.Methods Smoking behavior and attitude on smoking control were investigated by the means of stratified random sampling among the hospital workers.Results 374 medical workers were interviewed in this study,including 94 clinicians,43 medical technicians,39 administrative support staff,198 nurses and other staff.The overall smoking rate of the workers was 14.71%,male staff’s smoking rate（55.67%） was higher than that of female（χ2=175.21,P〈0.001）.Stratified analysis by sex,there was no significant difference on rate of smoking among male staff who had different educations and jobs（P〉0.05）.Among medical staff smoking,compared with other medical personnel,clinician’s rate of smoking during working hours was similar to others（χ2=2.01,P=0.156）,and clinician’s rate of smoking during break,facing in front of colleagues,in outdoors,in toilets was less（P〈0.05）,and there was no significant difference between them on behaviors such as smoking facing in front of patients or their family,receiving patients’ cigarettes,or offering cigarettes to others（P〉0.05）.The rate of supporting no smoking during working hours in medical staff of clinicians and nurses was even less than that of other medical personnel（χ2=5.38,P=0.020）.Conclusion The rate of smoking among male medical staff in county hospitals was high,awareness of hazards of cigarettes was not enough,the proportion of actively giving up smoking was low.It was necessary to conduct health education about tobacco hazard among healthcare workers and carry out mandatory in smoking cessation in county hospitals.