极低出生体重儿体格及智力发育的近期随访

The Recent Following-up Study of Growth and Mental Development of Very Low Birth Weight Infant

目的了解极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)近期的体格及智力发育情况。方法对53例存活出院的VLBWI进行随访,测量体重、头围、身长及智力检测。结果 VLBWI有身高、体重、头围之一异常者占30.2%,异常率高低与随访年龄段有关,智力低下的发生率为18%,智力低下与新生儿时期疾病、早期教育等因素有关,与机械通气、固尔苏应用无显著关联。结论对VLBWI生后及时有效治疗、预防颅内出血、控制并发症,以及早期教育可促进VLBWI智力发育。

Objective To investigate the recent growth and mental development of very low birth weight infant（VLBWI）.Methods The growth and mental development of 53 cases of VLBWI were following-up studied,including weight,head circumference,body length and intelligence testing.Results The growth of VLBWI was obviously below normol.The level of abnormality related to age of following-up.The prevalence of mental retardation（MR） of VLBWI was 18%.MR was related to diseases during newborn,early training.Conclusion To avoid diseases during newborn,effective treatment,prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage and early training can improve mental development of VLBWI.