昆明市高毒农药非药物替代技术应用推广及效益分析

Application and Promotion of Non-pesticide Replacing High-toxic Pesticide Techniques and its Benefit analysis in Kunming City

[目的]在昆明市开展高毒农药非药物替代技术的应用推广工作,并对其效益进行分析。[方法]通过频振式杀虫灯、粘虫板诱杀技术、田间废弃菜叶处理池建设、标准化(精确)栽培技术,抗病品种栽培技术,多样化栽培技术等的应用推广,对非药物替代技术应用推广效益进行了综合调查评估。[结果]2006～2010年昆明市非药物替代技术应用推广面积达94 667 hm2,对防治效果的调查及成本/效益定量分析显示:各种非药物替代技术推广应用效益高于传统药物替代技术推广应用直接效益;改进创新了高毒农药替代工作中传统的农药替代方法,降低了昆明市农药使用量。[结论]各种非药物替代技术的推广应用提高了高毒农药替代工作的经济、社会和生态效益,保护了农业生态环境,促进了农业生产的可持续发展。

[Objective] The paper was to operate the application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques in Kunming City,and to analyze its benefit.[Method]Through application and promotion of frequency trembler grid lamps,sticking plate trapping technology,construction of treatment ponds for field waste vegetable leaves,standardized（accurate） cultivation techniques,cultivation techniques of disease-resistant varieties and diverse cultivation technologies,the promotion benefit of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques was comprehensively investigated and evaluated.[Result] The application and promotion area of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques in Kunming City during 2006-2010 reached 94 667 hm2.The investigation on control efforts and quantitative analysis of cost / benefit showed that the beneficial result of application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques was higher than the direct benefit of application and promotion of traditional pesticide replacing techniques.This improvement innovated the traditional pesticide replacing method in replacement work of high-toxic pesticides,reducing the usage volume of pesticide in Kunming City.[Conclusion] The application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques improved the economic,social and ecological benefit of replacement work of high-toxic pesticides,protected the agricultural ecological environment and promoted the sustainable development of agricultural production.