近51年气候变化对黑河流域湿地生态环境的影响

Effect of Climate Change on the Wetland Ecological Environment in Heihe River Basin in Recent 51 Years

[目的]研究气候变化对黑河流域湿地生态环境的影响。[方法]利用1959～2009年黑河流域6个气象台站的气象资料,采用统计分析方法,研究了近51年气候变化对黑河流域湿地生态环境的影响。[结果]近51年来,黑河流域湿地气温、降水呈明显上升趋势,尤其是近20年来增温、增湿趋势更加显著;气候变化使黑河流域地表向干旱化发展的趋势加快,山区尤为显著;与气候密切相关的湿地生态环境也对气候变化作出了响应,具体表现为地下水位上升、湿地面积减少、农业种植结构改变、气象灾害增加、生物多样性遭到破坏等。[结论]该研究对湿地资源的保护和开发具有重要的意义。

[Objective] Our study was carried out to research the effect of climate change on wetland ecological environment in Heihe River basin.[Method] Based on meteorological data from six meteorological stations in Heihe River basin during 1959-2009,the effect of climate change on wetland ecological environment in Heihe River basin in recent 51 years was studied by means of statistical method.[Result] Temperature and precipitation in Heihe River basin showed obvious increasing trend in recent 51 years,especially in recent 20 years;climate change made Heihe River basin more and more dry,specially in mountain area;wetland ecological environment closely related to climate responded to climate change,such as groundwater level rise,wetland area decrease,agriculture planting structure change,meteorological disaster increase,destroyed biodiversity and so on.[Conclusion] Our study had important significance for the protection and development of wetland resources.