应用飞机大面积喷施抗旱型甘蔗増糖增产剂的效果研究

Effects of Application of Drought Resistant Sucrose-yield Promoter Sprayed by Aircraft in Large Area of Sugarcane

研究应用飞机大规模喷施抗旱型增糖增产剂的实际效果,为在生产上提高甘蔗的抗旱性,实现增产增糖提供依据。本研究在2008/2009和2009/2010两个年度于广西蔗区甘蔗生长后期应用飞机大面积喷施抗旱型甘蔗增糖增产剂共2 400 hm2,以后分别调查其对甘蔗品质及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明:喷施抗旱型甘蔗增糖增产剂后甘蔗绿叶数和叶绿素都有所增加,并提高了蔗汁锤度和重力纯度、甘蔗纤维分和蔗糖分,降低了蔗汁还原糖分,其中以2009～2010年度喷施50 d时表现最为明显,新植和宿根蔗平均甘蔗蔗糖分比对照提高2.23%(绝对值,下同),新植蔗增糖效果优于宿根蔗;不同时期总平均甘蔗蔗糖分比对照提高1.33%。甘蔗株高、茎径、单茎重有一定的提高,平均甘蔗产量比对照增加14.3%,以宿根蔗增产效果优于新植蔗。应用抗旱型甘蔗增糖增产剂可以防止甘蔗叶片早衰,实现增糖增产,节本增效。

The present study was designed to investigate the feasibility to apply drought resistant sucrose-yield large scale in order to improve the drought resistance, cane yield and sucrose content in cane in commercial sugarcane production. Experiments were conducted for application of DRCSP sprayed by aircraft in a total of 2 400 hm^2 of sugarcane in Guangxi in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, and components of cane yield and quality were surveyed. The results showed that the treatment spraying DRCSP increased leaves/plant and chlorophyll content in leaf, and resulted in higher Brix, gravity purity of juice and lower reducing sugar in juice, and higher fiber and sucrose contents in cane as compared to the CK, and the most significant improvement for sucrose content was observed at 50 d after application which was increased by 2.23%（absolute value）in 2009/2010, and 1.33% in total average for different time from 30 to 90 d after spray, and it performed better in plant cane than in ratoon cane. The drought resistant sucrose-yield promoter treatment also improved the plant height, stalk diameter and stalk weight, and resulted in 14.3% higher cane yield as compared to the CK, and ratoon cane performed better than plant cane. As a result, the application of drought resistant sucrose-yield promoter prolonged the life of plant leaves, improved the productivity and sugar accumulation of sugarcane, and increased the benefit of sugar production with low cost.