西安市养老机构老年人生活质量与抑郁患病率的相关性研究

Study on relativity between life quality of aged and prevalence of depression in Yanglao institutions of Xi'an city

[目的]了解西安市养老机构老年人抑郁症状发生情况及其生活质量现况,探讨老年人生活质量与抑郁症状患病率的相关性。[方法]采用随机整群抽样的方法使用老年抑郁量表(GDS)和健康相关生活质量量表(SF-36)以及自行设计的危险因素调查表对西安市20所养老机构464名老年人进行问卷调查。[结果]养老机构老年抑郁症状患病率为31.3%;单因素分析结果显示,有抑郁症状老年人的SF-36各维度平均值均明显低于无抑郁组(P<0.001);各维度得分与抑郁总分呈显著负相关(P<0.001);多元线性回归分析表明,总体健康、活力、社会功能、心理健康和情感职能5个维度对老年抑郁症状的发生有显著影响(P<0.05)。[结论]养老机构老年人总体生活质量处于中等偏下水平,且与抑郁症状患病率密切相关,养老机构管理人员应重视老年人心理健康,实施有效干预,提高老年人生活质量。

Objective：To know about the status quo of depression symptoms occurrence in aged people and their life quality status quo in Yanglao institutions of Xi＇an city,and to probe into the relativity between life quality of aged and depression prevalence among them.Methods：A total of 464 aged participants from 20 Yanglao institutions of Xi＇an city were investigated by random cluster sampling adopting questionnaire and by filling out geratic depression scale（GDS）,health related quality of life rating scales（SF-36）,and self-designed risk factors questionnaire.Results：Depression symptoms prevalence among aged people was 31.3% in Yanglao institutions.Single-factor analysis showed that the average values of all dimensions of SF-36 of aged people with depression symptoms were lower than that of those without depression（P0.001）.All dimensions scores were significantly and negatively related with their depression scores（P0.001）.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that 5 dimensions including general health,activity,social functions,psychological health,and emotional function had significant influence on the occurrence of depression symptoms among aged populations（P0.05）.Conclusion：General life quality of aged people was in the middle and lower level in Yanglao institution.And General quality of life of aged people had closely relations with the prevalence of depression symptoms.Administrators of Yanglao institutions should pay attention to the mental health of aged people,carry out effective intervention,and enhance life quality of aged people.