徐灵胎中医教育思想探讨

XU Ling-tai's thought on Chinese medicine education

清代名医徐灵胎,在《医学源流论》中设"考试医学论""医非人人可学论""涉猎医书误人论"等专篇,以阐述其中医教育思想。其中,主要有3条值得思考。第一,医非人人可学,强调习医者须是聪明敏捷,渊博通达,虚怀灵变,勤读善记,精鉴确识之人;第二,主张严考诸医,每月严课,若学问荒疏,治法廖误者,小则撤牌读书,大则饬使改业;第三,强调为医者须有师承,必全体明而后可以治一病,而涉猎医书之人,偶得一知半解,举以示人,始误他人,继误骨肉,终则自误其身。这些内容从录取标准、继续教育和系统教育3个方面,给我们提供了中医教育改革的思路。

XU Ling-tai,a famous doctor in Qing Dynasty,stated his TCM educational though in his work,Yixueyunaliulun.There are three points being worth thinking： ① It is not everybody can learn medicine,and he emphasized that a person learning medicine must be smart,nimble,erudite,open-minded,good at reading and memory,exquisite and knowledgeable.② The examination for medical learners must be strict,and learner should be examined strictly every month.If their medical knowledge is rusty,they should be dismissed and learn medicine again,or even divert to other professions.③ Medical learners should be directed by teachers.They must grasp TCM knowledge in the general before curing diseases.Those who just skim some medical books and get mere dilettante knowledge in medicine will be harmful to others,their kindred or themselves.These statements have enlightened our thinking in the reform of TCM education from three aspects including admission criteria,continuing education and systematic education.