全生育期覆膜冬小麦灌溉制度的试验研究

Experimental Study on Irrigation Regime of Wheat Covered over with Plastic Film in Whole Growing Period

冬小麦全生育期覆膜是近年发展起来的一种新的栽培技术。该技术采用冬小麦穴播方式，自播种至收割的整个生育期内，地膜始终覆盖在地面。根据１９９７ 年１０ 月至１９９８ 年６ 月在东光县龙王李乡进行的灌溉试验，初步确定了冬小麦全生育期覆膜灌溉的适宜灌溉制度，在偏湿润年为：灌３ 次水（ 包括播前水） ；播前水定额根据土壤墒情确定，一般为４５０ ～９００ ｍ ３ ／ｈ ｍ ２ ；起身～拔节期的灌水定额为６００ ｍ ３／ｈ ｍ ２ ；抽穗～灌浆期的灌水定额为４５０ ｍ ３ ／ｈｍ ２ ；总灌溉定额为１５００ ～１９５０ ｍ ３ ／ｈ ｍ ２ ；试验结果表明，与不覆膜的相比，全生育期覆膜冬小麦，节水４１２ ％ ，产量提高２２８ ％ 。

Wheat with bunch plating covered over with plastic film in whole growing period is a new developed cultivation technique in recent years. A suitable gained in a preliminar experiment in Shougang County from octuber 1997 to June 1998, result shows that can save water about 41.2 percent and increase product about 22.8 percent compared with normal cultivation.